Pronunciation Noun
backbone
- The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.
- (figuratively) Any fundamental support, structure, or infrastructure.
- Before automobiles, railroads were a backbone of commerce.
- (figuratively) Courage, fortitude, or strength.
- He would make a good manager, if he had a little more backbone.
- French: colonne vertébrale, rachis, épine dorsale
- German: Rückgrat, Wirbelsäule
- Italian: spina dorsale, colonna vertebrale, rachide
- Portuguese: coluna vertebral, espinha, espinha dorsal
- Russian: позвоно́чник
- Spanish: espina dorsal, columna vertebral
- French: épine dorsale
- German: Rückgrat
- Italian: base, spina dorsale
- Portuguese: base, espinha dorsal
- Russian: хребе́т
- Spanish: columna vertebral
- French: courage
- German: Rückgrat
- Italian: coraggio
- Portuguese: firmeza
- Russian: сте́ржень
- Spanish: coraje, carácter
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