besides

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Pronunciation

• (America) IPA: /bəˈsaɪdz/, /biˈsaɪdz/

Preposition

1. In addition, in addition to.
   • 1661, John Fell (bishop), “The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond”, quoted in Ecclesiastical Biography ↗ by Christopher Wordsworth, fourth edition, volume IV, London: Francis & John Rivington (1853):

     During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant […]

   • 1776, Thomas Pennant, A Tour in Scotland and Voyage to the Hebrides, 1772

     It is besides used as a food, either as a sallad^[sic], raw, or boiled as greens.

2. Other than; except for; instead of.

   I don't want to go anywhere besides India.

3. (obsolete) Beside.
   • 1561, Geneva Bible, Acts of the Apostles 16:13,^{The Geneva Bible#page/n1075 ↗}

     And on the Sabbath day, we went out of the citie, beſides a riuer, where they were wont to pray : and we ſate downe, and ſpake vnto the women, which were come together.

   • 1577, Raphael Holinshed et al., Holinshed's Chronicles, London: John Hunne, “The Historie of Englande. Aldestane,” p. 225,

     After this, was Edwin the Kings brother accuſed of ſome conſpiracie by him be|gun againſt the K. whervpõ he was baniſhed the land, and ſent out in an old rotten veſſell without rower or Marriner, onely accompanied with one Eſquire, ſo that beeing launched foorth from the ſhore, through very diſpaire Edwin lept into the Sea, and drowned himſelfe, but the Eſquire that was with him recouered his body, and broughte it to land at Withſand beſides Canterbury.

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, London: William Ponsonbie, Book Two, Canto 1, p. 198,

     Beſides them both, vpon the ſoiled gras / The dead corſe of an armed knight was ſpred, […]

Synonyms

• (in addition) beyond, on top of; see also Thesaurus:in addition to
• (other than) barring, besides, save for; see also Thesaurus:except

Translations

• French: de plus, en plus en outre, de surcroît, par surcroît par ailleurs, d'un autre côté, d'autre part, au reste, du reste,
• German: außer
• Italian: oltre a
• Portuguese: além de
• Russian: кро́ме
• Spanish: aparte de

Translations

• French: excepté, sauf
• German: außer
• Italian: ad eccezione di
• Portuguese: além de, a não ser, exceto
• Russian: кро́ме
• Spanish: excepto, salvo

Adverb

besides (not comparable)

1. (conjunctive) Also; in addition.
2. (conjunctive) Moreover; furthermore.
3. (conjunctive) Otherwise; else.
4. (obsolete) On one side.
   • circa 1611 George Chapman (translator), The Iliad of Homer, London: Nathaniell Butter, Book 8, p. 111,

     Yet Teucer would another shaft, at Hectors life dispose;

     So faine, he such a marke would hit: but still besides it goes;

Translations

• French: de plus, en plus en outre, de surcroît, par surcroît par ailleurs, d'un autre côté, d'autre part, au reste, du reste
• German: außerdem, weiterhin, darüber hinaus
• Italian: in aggiunta
• Portuguese: além disso, fora isso, ademais
• Russian: кро́ме того́
• Spanish: además, aparte

Translations

• French: de plus, en plus en outre, de surcroît, par surcroît par ailleurs, d'un autre côté, d'autre part, au reste, du reste, d'ailleurs
• German: außerdem
• Italian: inoltre
• Portuguese: além disso, fora isso
• Russian: бо́лее того́
• Spanish: además

Translations

• French: sinon
• Italian: altrimenti
• Russian: кро́ме того́
• Spanish: de lo contrario, si no

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