debauch
1590s, from Middle French desbaucher, from Old French desbauchier, from des- + bauch ("beam"), from frk *balko, from Proto-Germanic *balkô, from Proto-Indo-European *bhelg-; latter origin of balk.
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1590s, from Middle French desbaucher, from Old French desbauchier, from des- + bauch ("beam"), from frk *balko, from Proto-Germanic *balkô, from Proto-Indo-European *bhelg-; latter origin of balk.
Evolution of sense unclear; may be literally “to shave/trim wood to make a beam” or may be “to leave/lure someone from a workshop”, Frankish *balko perhaps also meaning “workshop”.
Possible corruption by way of Anglicised French term bord: kerb crawling as a synonym for prostitution. Parallels in modern German: Bordsteinschwalbe. English words bawd, bawdiness may be similarly connected.
- IPA: /dɪˈbɔːt͡ʃ/
debauch (plural debauches)
- An individual act of debauchery.
- An orgy.
- 1934 George Orwell, Burmese Days:
- "The flowers, oppressive to the eyes, blazed with not a petal stirring, in a debauch of sun."
- 1934 George Orwell, Burmese Days:
- French: débauche
- German: Ausschweifung
- Russian: дебо́ш
- Spanish: corrupción
debauch (debauches, present participle debauching; past and past participle debauched)
- (transitive) To morally corrupt (someone); to seduce.
- (transitive) To debase (something); to lower the value of (something).
- 1685, Matthew Prior, “A Satyr on the modern Translators”, in H. Bunker Wright, Monroe K. Spears, editors, The Literary Works of Matthew Prior, volume I, Second edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1971, page 19:
- Those who with nine months toil had spoil’d a Play,
In hopes of Eating at a full Third day,
Justly despairing longer to sustain
A craving Stomach from an empty Brain,
Have left Stage-Practice, chang’d their old Vocations,
Atoning for bad Plays, with worse Translations,
And like old Sternhold with laborious spite,
Burlesque what nobler Muses better write:
Thus while they for their Causes only seem
To change the Channel, they corrupt the Stream.
So breaking Vintners to increase their Wine,
With nauseous Drugs debauch the generous Vine:
So barren Gipsies for recruit are said,
With Strangers Issue to maintain the Trade;
But lest the fair Bantling should be known,
A daubing Walnut makes him all their own.
- (intransitive) To indulge in revelry.
- French: débaucher
- Russian: развращать
- Russian: унижа́ть
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