• IPA: /əkˈsɛs/, /ɛkˈsɛs/, /ɪk.ˈsɛs/, /ˈɛksɛs/

excess

1. The state of surpassing or going beyond limits; the being of a measure beyond sufficiency, necessity, or duty; that which exceeds what is usual or proper

   The excess of heavy water was given away to the neighbouring country.

   • circa 1597 William Shakespeare, King John, act 4, scene 2:

     To gild refined gold, to paint the lily,

     To throw a perfume on the violet, . . .

     Is wasteful and ridiculous excess.

   • circa 1690 William Walsh, "Jealosy", in The Poetical Works of William Walsh (1797), page 19 (Google preview) ↗:

     That kills me with excess of grief, this with excess of joy.

2. The degree or amount by which one thing or number exceeds another; remainder.

   The difference between two numbers is the excess of one over the other.

3. An undue indulgence of the appetite; transgression of proper moderation in natural gratifications; intemperance; dissipation.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), imprinted at London: By Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981 ↗, Ephesians 5:18 ↗:

     :

     And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess.

   • 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Book III:

     Fair Angel, thy desire . . .

     . . . leads to no excess

     That reaches blame

4. (geometry) Spherical excess, the amount by which the sum of the three angles of a spherical triangle exceeds two right angles. The spherical excess is proportional to the area of the triangle.
5. (British, insurance) A condition on an insurance policy by which the insured pays for a part of the claim.

• (state of surpassing limits) seeSynonyms en
• (US) deductible

• deficiency

• exceed
• excessive

• French: excès
• Italian: eccesso
• Portuguese: excesso
• Russian: превыше́ние
• Spanish: exceso

• French: excès
• German: Überschuss, Übermaß
• Italian: eccedenza
• Portuguese: excedente
• Russian: изли́шек

• Portuguese: excesso
• Russian: невозде́ржанность

• Russian: эксце́сс

• French: franchise
• German: Eigenbeteiligung, Selbstbeteiligung, Zuzahlung, Kostenbeteiligung, Franchise
• Russian: франши́за
• Spanish: deducible, franquicia

excess (not comparable)

1. More than is normal, necessary or specified.

excess (excesses, present participle excessing; past and past participle excessed)

1. (US, transitive) To declare (an employee) surplus to requirements, such that he or she might not be given work.

• French: excessif
• Italian: eccessivo
• Portuguese: excessivo
• Spanish: excesivo