further
Etymology
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Etymology
From Middle English further, forther, from Old English forþor, furþor, from Proto-West Germanic *furþer, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (a common preposition), equivalent to fore + -ther a vestigial comparative ending still present in such words as other, either, whether, and, in altered form, in after; or as sometimes stated, as .
Pronunciation Verbfurther (furthers, present participle furthering; simple past and past participle furthered)
- (transitive) To help forward; to assist.
- c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC ↗; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene i ↗:
- In happie houre we haue ſet the Crowne
Upon your Kingly head, that ſeeks our honor,
In ioyning with the man, ordain’d by heauen
To further euerie action to the beſt.
- 1885, Richard F. Burton, The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night, Night 558:
- Upon this he brought me a cotton bag and giving it to me, said, "Take this bag and fill it with pebbles from the beach and go forth with a company of the townsfolk to whom I will give a charge respecting thee. Do as they do and belike thou shalt gain what may further thy return voyage to thy native land."
- (transitive) To encourage growth; to support progress or growth of something; to promote.
- Further the economy.
- to further the peace process
- French: encourager
- Italian: incoraggiare, incentivare
- Portuguese: desenvolver, incentivar, estimular
- German: fördern
- Italian: promuovere, accrescere
- Portuguese: fomentar
- Spanish: fomentar, asistir, exhortar
further (not comparable)
- (comparative form of far) More distant; relatively distant.
- See those two lampposts? Run to the further one.
- He was standing at the further end of the corridor.
- More, additional.
- I have one further comment to make.
- French: ultérieur
- German: weiter
- Italian: ulteriore
- Russian: дальне́йший
- Spanish: adicional, extra, añadido, aditicio
further (not comparable)
- (comparative form of far) To, at or over a greater distance in space, time or other extent.
- I can run further than you.
- I live a little further out of town.
- How was your company doing ten years further back?
- 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC ↗:
- “A very welcome, kind, useful present, that means to the parish. By the way, Hopkins, let this go no further. We don't want the tale running round that a rich person has arrived. Churchill, my dear fellow, we have such greedy sharks, and wolves in lamb's clothing. […]”
- (comparative form of far) To a greater extent or degree.
- Of the two civilisations, this one was further advanced.
- I do not propose to discuss it any further. - Please, let me explain just a little further.
- Beyond what is already stated or is already the case.
- Chapter 10 further explains the ideas introduced in Chapter 9.
- Don't confuse things further.
- Further, affiant sayeth naught. (A formal statement ending a deposition or affidavit, immediately preceding the affiant's signature.)
- (conjunctive) Also; in addition; furthermore; moreover.
- It is overlong, and further, it makes no sense.
- 1924, Aristotle, translated by W. D. Ross, Metaphysics, Book 1, Part 6:
- Further, besides sensible things and Forms he says there are the objects of mathematics, which occupy an intermediate position, […] .
- (with to) Following on (from).
- Further to our recent telephone call, I am writing to clarify certain points raised.
- This example is further to the one on page 17.
- French: plus loin
- German: weiter
- Portuguese: mais distantemente, mais de longe
- Russian: да́льше
- Spanish: más lejos, acullá
- German: des Weiteren, zusätzlich, ferner, zudem, im Weiteren, überdies
- Italian: ulteriormente
- Portuguese: além disso
- Russian: да́лее
- Spanish: adicionalmente
This text is extracted from the Wiktionary and it is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 license | Terms and conditions | Privacy policy 0.001
