• IPA: /ˈfʌs.tʃən/, /ˈfʌs.ti.ən/

fustian (uncountable)

1. A kind of coarse twilled cotton or cotton and linen stuff.
   • 1478, Geoffrey Chaucer, [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Canterbury_Tales/General_Prologue|The Canterbury Tales], Prologue, 75-8,

     Of fustian he wered a gypon / Al bismotered with his habergeoun, / For he was late ycome from his viage, / And wente for to doon his pilgrymage.

   • c. 1590–1592, William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358 ↗, [Act IV, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:

     ,

     Where's the cook? Is supper ready, the house trimm'd, rushes strew'd, cobwebs swept, the serving-men in their new fustian, their white stockings, and every officer his wedding-garment on?

   • 1888, Thomas Hardy, "The Withered Arm" in Wessex Tales, London: Macmillan & Co., 1903, p. 102,

     […] in it lay the body of a young man, wearing the smockfrock of a rustic, and fustian breeches.

   • 1972, Edna O'Brien, Night, New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1987, p. 103,

     Her husband was trying to calm her down, assuage her, and in the end what she did was to put a handkerchief over her face and secure it with the brim of a fustian hat.

   • 2009, Giorgio Riello, "The Indian Apprenticeship: The Trade of Indian Textiles and the Making of European Cottons" in Giorgio Riello and Tirthankar Roy (eds.), How India Clothed the World: The World of South Asian Textiles, 1500-1850, Leiden: Brill, p. 334

     The East India company was pursuing its own financial interests, but in doing so was also fostering the establishment of industries such as calico printing — an industry that would have not achieved the same degree of accomplishment if it had confined itself simply to the printing of European fustians (mixed cottons) and linens, both of which were more difficult to print on than cotton.

2. A class of cloth including corduroy and velveteen.
3. Pompous, inflated or pretentious writing or speech.
   • 1715, Alexander Pope, Preface to The Iliad of Homer, in Alexander Pope, Selected Poetry and Prose, edited by Robin Sowerby, London: Routledge, 1988, p. 105,

     Nothing that belongs to Homer seems to have been more commonly mistaken than the just pitch of his style, some of his translators having swelled into fustian in a proud confidence of the sublime, others sunk into flatness in a cold and timorous notion of simplicity.

   • 1721, Joseph Addison, "Dialogues upon the Usefulness of Ancient Medals", Dialogue II, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, Esq., Vol. I, p. 490,

     Claudian in the description of his infant Titan descants on this glory about his head, but has run his description into most wretched fustian.

   • 1926, Harold L. Van Doren, Paul Cézanne: His Life and Art, p. 49; a translation of Ambroise Vollard, Paul Cézanne, 1914, Paris, Éditions G. Crès.

     What made Manet a veritable prophet in his day, was that he brought a simple formula to a period in which the official art was merely fustian and conventionality.

4. (archaic) A drink made of white wine with egg yolk, lemon and spices.

• French: futaine
• Italian: fustagno
• Russian: бумазея
• Spanish: fustán, fustal