• (British) IPA: /ˈɒstɹəsɪz(ə)m/

ostracism

1. (historical) In ancient Athens (and some other cities), the temporary banishment by popular vote of a citizen considered dangerous to the state. [from 16th c.]
   • 1588, Robert Greene, Perimedes the Blacke-smith. […], London: Printed by Iohn Wolfe, for Edward White, OCLC 932919184 ↗; republished as J[ohn] Payne Collier, editor, Perimedes the Blacke-smith (Miscellaneous Tracts Temp. Eliz. & Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1867?], OCLC 811360015 ↗, page 13 ↗:

     Take the ſweete herbe called pleaſant content; with that make a perfume about your bed chamber and where you dyne: the ſavour of this is as ſure a repulſe to exile melancholie, as the oſtracisme was to the noble of Athens.

   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 32, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes, […], book II, printed at London: By Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821 ↗:

     Witnesse the Ostracisme amongst the Athenians, and the Petalisme among the Siracusans.

2. (figuratively) Banishment by some general consent. [from 17th c.]
3. Temporary exclusion from a community or society.

• (exclusion) ostracization, shunning, petalism

• French: ostracisme
• German: Scherbengericht
• Italian: ostracismo
• Portuguese: ostracismo
• Russian: остраки́зм
• Spanish: ostracismo

• French: ostracisme
• German: Ächtung
• Italian: ostracismo
• Portuguese: ostracismo
• Russian: остраки́зм
• Spanish: ostracismo