• IPA: /ˈɛnvi/

envy

1. Resentful desire of something possessed by another or others (but not limited to material possessions). [from 13^thc.]
   • 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Samuel Simmons, line 263-4:

     No bliss enjoyed by us excites his envy more.

   • 1804, Alexander Pope, The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope, page 71:

     Envy, to which the ignoble mind's a slave, / Is emulation in the learned or brave.

   • 1914, Louis Joseph Vance, Nobody, page 9:

     distilling therefrom an acid envy that robbed her napoleon of all its savour.

   • 1983, Stanley Rosen, Plato’s Sophist, page 66:

     Theodorus assures Socrates that no envy will prevent the Stranger from responding

2. An object of envious notice or feeling.
   • 1843, Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, Critical and Miscellaneous Essays, Carey & Hart, page 277:

     This constitution in former days used to be the envy of the world[.]

   • 2008, Lich King, "Black Metal Sucks", Toxic Zombie Onslaught.

     quote en

3. (obsolete) Hatred, enmity, ill-feeling. [14^th-18^thc.]
   • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/c/cme/MaloryWks2/1:12.52?rgn=div2;view=fulltext chapter lij], in Le Morte Darthur, book X:

     Syre said laūcelot vnto Arthur by this crye that ye haue made ye wyll put vs that ben aboute yow in grete Ieopardy / for there be many Knyghtes that haue grete enuye to vs / therfore whan we shal mete at the daye of Iustes there wille be hard skyfte amonge vs

4. (obsolete) Emulation; rivalry.
   • c. 1631-1636, John Ford, The Fancies Chaste and Noble

     Such as cleanliness and decency / Prompt to a virtuous envy.

5. (obsolete) Public odium; ill repute.
   • 1611, Ben Jonson, Catiline His Conspiracy

     to lay the envy of the war upon Cicero

• French: envie, jalousie, convoitise
• German: Neid
• Italian: invidia
• Portuguese: inveja, ciumes
• Russian: за́висть
• Spanish: envidia, pelusa (Spain, colloquial)

envy

1. (transitive) To feel displeasure or hatred towards (someone) for their good fortune or possessions. [from 14th c.]
2. (obsolete, intransitive) To have envious feelings (at). [15th-18th c.]
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, OCLC 54573970 ↗, partition II, section 3, member 3:

     I do not envy at their wealth, titles, offices; […] let me live quiet and at ease.

   • Who would envy at the prosperity of the wicked?

3. (obsolete, transitive) To give (something) to (someone) grudgingly or reluctantly; to begrudge. [16th-18th c.]
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.v:

     But that sweet Cordiall, which can restore / A loue-sick hart, she did to him enuy […].

4. (obsolete) To show malice or ill will; to rail.
   • c. 1608–1609, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358 ↗, [Act III, scene iii]:

     He has […] envied against the people.

5. (obsolete) To do harm to; to injure; to disparage.

   • If I make a lie / To gain your love and envy my best mistress, / Put me against a wall.

6. (obsolete) To hate.
7. (obsolete) To emulate.

• envious
• social envy

• French: envier
• German: beneiden
• Italian: invidiare
• Portuguese: invejar
• Russian: зави́довать
• Spanish: envidiar