From Middle English affermen, from Old French afermer, affermer, from Latin affirmare, adfirmare, from ad ("to") + firmare ("to make firm"), from firmus ("firm").

• (America) IPA: /əˈfɝm/
• (RP) IPA: /əˈfɜːm/

affirm (affirms, present participle affirming; simple past and past participle affirmed)

1. To agree, verify or concur; to answer positively.

   She affirmed that she would go when I asked her.

2. To assert positively; to tell with confidence; to aver; to maintain as true.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC ↗, Acts 25:19 ↗:

     Jesus, […] whom Paul affirmed to be alive

3. To support or encourage.

   gender-affirming; trans-affirming (LGBTQ+)

   They did everything they could to affirm the children's self-confidence.

4. To make firm; to confirm, or ratify; especially (legal) to assert or confirm, as a judgment, decree, or order, brought before an appellate court for review.
5. (law) To state under a solemn promise to tell the truth which is considered legally equivalent to an oath, especially of those who have religious or other moral objections to swearing oaths; also solemnly affirm.

• validate

• disaffirm
• deny (of 1,2)
• repudiate (of 2)
• invalidate (of 4)

• affirmation
• affirmative

• German: zustimmen, bejahen, bestätigen
• Italian: affermare
• Portuguese: afirmar
• Spanish: afirmar

• German: unterstützen
• Italian: affermare
• Portuguese: afirmar
• Spanish: afirmar