lord
see also: Lord, LORD
Etymology
Lord
Etymology
LORD
Etymology Proper noun
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see also: Lord, LORD
Etymology
From Middle English lord and lorde (attested from the 15th century), from earlier (14th century) lourde and other variants which dropped the intervocalic consonant of earlier lowerd, louerd, loverd, laford, and lhoaverd; from Old English hlāford < hlāfweard, a compound of hlāf ("bread") + weard ("guardian"); see loaf and ward.
Pronunciation Nounlord (plural lords)
- (obsolete) The master of the servants of a household; (historical) the master of a feudal manor
- c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC ↗, [Act III, scene ii], line 167:
- (archaic) The male head of a household, a father or husband.
- 831, charter in Henry Sweet, The oldest English texts, 445
- Ymbe ðet lond et cert ðe hire eðelmod hire hlabard salde.
- c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC ↗, [Act V, scene ii], line 131:
- 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter XVI, in Emma: […], volume III, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC ↗, page 300 ↗:
- Yes, here I am, my good friend; and here I have been so long, that anywhere else I should think it necessary to apologise; but, the truth is, that I am waiting for my lord and master.
- 831, charter in Henry Sweet, The oldest English texts, 445
- (archaic) The owner of a house, piece of land, or other possession
- 1480, Waterford Archives in the 10th Report of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts (1885), App. v. 316
- ante 1637, Ben Jonson, Sad Shepherd, ii. i. 36
- A mightie Lord of Swine!
- 1697, Virgil, “The Twelfth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC ↗:
- Turnus […]
Wrench'd from his feeble hold the shining Sword;
And plung'd it in the Bosom of its Lord.
- One possessing similar mastery over others; (historical) any feudal superior generally; any nobleman or aristocrat; any chief, prince, or sovereign ruler; in Scotland, a male member of the lowest rank of nobility (the equivalent rank in England is baron)
- c. 893, Orosius's History, i. i. §13
- Ohthere sæde his hlaforde, Ælfrede cyninge, þæt...
- 1667, John Milton, “Book XII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC ↗; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC ↗:
- Man over men He made not Lord.
- (historical) A feudal tenant holding his manor directly of the king
- A peer of the realm, particularly a temporal one
- ante 1420, T. Hoccleve, De Regimine Principum, 442
- 1453, Rolls of Parliament, V. 266/2
- 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC ↗, [Act IV, scene 1], line 18:
- (obsolete, uncommon) A baron or lesser nobleman, as opposed to greater ones
- c. 893, Orosius's History, i. i. §13
- One possessing similar mastery in figurative senses (esp. as lord of ~)
- ante 1300, Cursor Mundi, 782
- 1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC ↗:
- Love is Lord of all.
- 1992 November 18, Larry David, Seinfeld, 4.11: "The Contest":
- But are you still master of your domain?
- I am king of the county. You?
- Lord of the manor.
- A magnate of a trade or profession.
- The Tobacco Lords were a group of Scottish merchants and slave traders who in the 18th century made enormous fortunes by trading in tobacco.
- 1823, W. Cobbett, Rural Rides, published 1885, I. 399:
- Oh, Oh! The cotton Lords are tearing!
- (astrology) The heavenly body considered to possess a dominant influence over an event, time, etc.
- c. 1391, Geoffrey Chaucer, Treatise on the Astrolabe, ii. §4:
- (British, slang, obsolete) A hunchback.
- 1699, B.E., A new dictionary of the terms ancient and modern of the canting crew:
- Lord, a very crooked, deformed... Person.
- 1699, B.E., A new dictionary of the terms ancient and modern of the canting crew:
- (British, Australian, via Cockney rhyming slang, obsolete) Sixpence.
- (master, owner) drighten, possessor, proprietor, sovereign
- French: châtelain
- Italian: castellano
- Portuguese: castelão
- Russian: хозя́ин
- Spanish: castellano
- Italian: signore
- Portuguese: senhor
- Russian: властели́н
lord (lords, present participle lording; simple past and past participle lorded)
- (intransitive and transitive) Domineer or act like a lord.
- 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “December. Ægloga Duodecima.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], →OCLC ↗:
- The grisly toadstool grown there might I see, / And loathed paddocks lording on the same.
- (transitive) To invest with the dignity, power, and privileges of a lord; to grant the title of lord.
- German: herrschen
- Italian: dominare, governare
- Russian: госпо́дствовать
Lord
Etymology
See lord.
In reference to the God of the Jewish Tanakh and Christian Bible, originally a translation (attested from the late Old English form hlāford) of the Vulgate Latin Dominus, translating the New Testament and the Septuagint's Ancient Greek ὁ κύριος or Κύριος (ó kýrios, "the supreme one; Lord, Kyrios"), both in reference to Hebrew אֲדֹנָי (ʾdny, "my lord; my Lord, Adonai") from אדון (ʾdwn, "lord, patron; Lord") + י- (-y, "my"), cognate with Phoenician 𐤀𐤃𐤍 (ʾdn, "lord; Lord, Adon").
Pronunciation Proper noun- The Abrahamic deity of the Jewish, Christian, and Islamic faiths.
- 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC ↗, [Act III, scene ii], line 53:
- The breath of worldly men cannot depose,
The deputy elected by the Lord.
- (Christianity) Jesus Christ, God the Son.
- 1582, Douay–Rheims Bible, 1 Corinth. 12:3:
- Therfore I doe you to vnderſtand that no má ſpeaking in the Spirit of God, ſaith anáthema to IESVS. And no man can ſay, Our Lord IESVS: but in the holy Ghoſt.
- 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC ↗, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):
- How loyal in the following of thy Lord!
- 1582, Douay–Rheims Bible, 1 Corinth. 12:3:
- (religion) Any other deity particularly important to a religion or a worshipper.
- Surname, originally a nickname for someone who either acted as if he were a lord or had worked in a lord's household.
- (originally an invocation) An interjection variously expressing astonishment, surprise, resignation.
- c. 1595, William Shakespeare, The Comedie of Errors, published 1623, iii. i. 50:
- O Lord I must laugh.
lord (plural lords)
- A formal title of the lesser British nobility, used for a lord of the manor or Lord Proprietor.
- A generic title used in reference to any peer of the British nobility or any peer below the dignity of duke and (as a courtesy title) for the younger sons of dukes and marquesses (see usage note).
- 1892, Oscar Wilde, “[S%3Aen%3ALady+Windermere%27s+Fan%2FAct+I Act I]”, in Lady Windermere's Fan […] :
- How do you do, Lord Darlington?
- Similar formal and generic titles in other countries.
- An additional title added to denote the dignity of certain high officials, such as the "Lord Mayors" of major cities in the British Commonwealth
- The elected president of a festival.
- (Wicca) A high priest.
LORD
Etymology Proper noun
- Typographical variant of Lord, particularly in English translations of the Bible.
This text is extracted from the Wiktionary and it is available under the CC BY-SA 3.0 license | Terms and conditions | Privacy policy 0.002